Working papers

Trends in the relative wage opportunities of women and men across three British generations- CLS working paper 2009/2

Jenny Neuberger, Diana Kuh and Heather Joshi use data from the 1946, 1958 and 1970 British birth cohort studies to examine cross-cohort trends in employment and earnings, using multivariate analyses of selection into employment, and producing estimates of women’s and men’s wage opportunities.

Keywords:  NSHD, 1946 birth cohort, NCDS, BCS70, 58 cohort, 70 cohort, education, employment, unemployment.

Combining Childrearing with Work: Do Maternal Employment Experiences Compromise Child Development- CLS working paper 2009/1

This CLS working paper examines whether various indicators of child cognition and behavioural development in later childhood and early adolescence, might be associated with: (1) hours of paid maternal work, and (indirectly) mother’s access to maternity leave; (2) the kinds of working conditions that mothers are likely to experience in the jobs they hold when they have small children; and (3) a broad indicator of the types of non-maternal care the children encounter during their early years.

It uses data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) and the American 1979 National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY79).

Cross-national research using contemporary birth cohort studies – a look at early maternal employment in the United Kingdom and the United States- CLS working paper 2008/13

Danielle Crosby and Denise Hawkes look at factors associated with the timing of mothers’ post-birth employment in the UK and US, using models conditioned on prior employment and partner status.

The UK Millennium Cohort Study and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study – Birth are the two datasets used.

Keywords:  Millennium Cohort Study, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, education, employment, unemployment, fertility.

Educational attainment, labour market conditions and unobserved heterogeneity – the timing of first and higher-order births in Britain- CLS working paper 2008/12

Andrew Jenkins, Heather Joshi and Mark Killingsworth analyse the effects of women’s education and aggregate unemployment rates on fertility in Britain, using two cohorts who had different experiences of education: the 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts (NCDS & BCS70).

Keywords:  British Cohort Study 1970, NCDS, education, employment, unemployment, fertility.

Ethnic minorities and non-response in the Millennium Cohort Study- CLS working paper 2008/11

Shirley Dex and Rachel Rosenberg look at predictors of mother’s responses and male partners’ responses in the first two sweeps of the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), using logistic regression models and a multinomial combined response model.

Keywords:  Millennium Cohort Study, missingness, non-response, ethnicity.

Missing Income data in the Millennium Cohort Study – evidence from the first two sweeps- CLS working paper 2008/10

Denise Hawkes & Ian Plewis look at income non-response in the first two sweeps of the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), modelling attrition at MCS2 with household income and income response at MCS1 as predictors.

Key words:  Millennium Cohort Study, missingness, non-response, income.

Economic Deprivation, Maternal Depression, Parenting and Children’s Cognitive and Emotional Development in Early Childhood- CLS working paper 2008/9

This CLS working paper uses data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) to examine the extent to which economic circumstances in infancy and mother’s mental well-being are associated with children’s cognitive development and behaviour problems at age 3 years, and what part parenting behaviours and attitudes play in mediating these factors.

Key words: Poverty; maternal depression; parenting; cognitive development; behaviour problems; Structural Equation Modelling

Does Mothers’ Employment Conflict with Child Development? Multilevel Analysis of British Mothers born in 1958- CLS working paper 2008/8

This CLS working paper explores the link between the cognitive and behavioural scores of school-aged children to mothers’ employment during pre-school years. The research uses data from the 1958 National Child Development Study.

Key words: child development, maternal employment, intergenerational transmission

Family poverty assessed at three years old- CLS working paper 2008/7

This CLS working paper aims to estimate the prevalence of family poverty and the characteristics of poor families in the Age 3 Sweep (MCS2) of the Millennium Cohort Study. It also aims to explore the overlaps of the different measures of poverty and estimate the odds of a family being ‘reliably’ poor. Lastly, it focuses on how this poverty is associated with some outcomes in the MCS2 and explores how family poverty changed between Age 9 months Sweep (MCS1) and MCS2.

Antecedents of hazardous teenage drinking: analysis of the 1970 British Cohort Study- CLS working paper 2008/6

This CLS working paper uses data from the 1970 British Cohort Study to explore antecendents of hazardous teenage drinking.

Optimal modelling of hearing impairment in middle age in relation to hearing in childhood as measured by audiograms- CLS working paper 2008/5

This CLS working paper explores the optimal modelling of hearing
impairment in middle age in relation to hearing in childhood as measured by audiograms. It uses data from the 1958 National Child Development Study.

A Profile of Population Change in Rural England- CLS working paper 2008/4

This CLS working paper investigates some differences in the sociodemographic profile of Rural and Urban England taking evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study, and the ONS Longitudinal Study spanning 4 censuses since 1971.